Here Comes the Sun!
Since we at Trielle love to talk about hormones and how they help you feel good, we want you to see the (sun)light about vitamin D. But first of all, we’ll throw you a curve ball. Vitamin D is mostly considered a hormone!
Nature has miraculous ways of keeping us healthy and vitamin D is one of them. We see foods like milk, yogurt and cold cereals “fortified” with it and hear that getting enough vitamin D has something to do with the sun, but how does all this connect? Why do you need vitamin D anyway?
You’ve probably got some idea that calcium, vitamin D, and strong bones and teeth and drinking milk are all connected and may be bored with the subject. Let us connect the dots and erase the boredom. You need vitamin D because it helps regulate the amount of calcium in your blood, which supplies the right amount of calcium to your cells and all your cells need calcium. It also helps absorb calcium and phosphate from your intestine for strong bones and teeth. That was the boring part, now it gets interesting.
Most of you already know that your skin is the largest organ of the body. It does more than freckle, sweat, goose-bump, tan, shed, sag and wrinkle. Skin cells actually use sunlight to convert a cholesterol-like substance to an inactive form of vitamin D. From there, the vitamin D goes to the liver and kidneys and turns into a hormone!
You might be thinking, “If sun is so important for my health but I heed advice about using sunscreen and covering up to avoid the sun, am I doing the wrong thing?” The answer is: it depends (Of course, why can’t it just be simple?).
The amount of sun exposure you need to produce vitamin D depends on your skin color, age, season, location and time of day. It doesn’t take much sun—certainly not the amount that causes skin cancer. The next time you are outside, take note of how long it takes to turn your skin pink; you only need 25 percent of that time to make enough vitamin D (usually about 5 to 10 minutes). You only need to expose your hands, face, and arms two or three times a week. People with dark skin need more exposure, usually at least three to five times more, because the melanin acts as an effective sunscreen.
What if you use sunscreen? If you use sunscreen over SPF 8 during the needed exposure time, you won’t be able to convert vitamin D. Also, you need the exposure between 8:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m. Yes, this advice is the exact opposite of what you usually hear about sun exposure, but that is to prevent skin cancer and wrinkles. So, all those times your mother told you to run outside and get some fresh air—she did it for your own good, to help your teeth and bones grow strong, when all this time you thought it was because she was tired of having you underfoot all day!
All this talk of sun exposure is great for those who live where the sun shines, but what about those of you who live in northern climates in the winter? Unfortunately, you will not get enough vitamin D from the sun and need to get it from your diet. However, you will still need some sun because only 80 percent of vitamin D from food is absorbed. Some people may also be able to use vitamin D that is stored in fat during the summer months.
What about children and adequate sun exposure? Studies have shown that breastfed infants who don’t get enough sun can get the disease, rickets. This disease, caused by inadequate amounts of calcium in the bones, causes soft bones, and the legs bow out, from the body’s weight. So, breastfed babies need vitamin D supplements that are carefully monitored by a doctor to avoid toxicity.
The adult version of rickets is called osteomalacia which leads to hip, and other, fractures. As you age, you produce less vitamin D through the skin—about 70 percent less by age 70; that is a lot! Older people should get sun exposure in the early morning and late afternoon to get the benefits but avoid the risk of skin cancer.
Speaking of cancer, vitamin D can reduce cancer risk too! Because it helps normal cell development in the skin, colon, prostate, ovary and breast cells, it reduces the chance of abnormal cells (cancer) developing.
So, hormones may seem complicated and hard to sort out sometimes, but this essential hormone, vitamin D, is as simple as getting out and enjoying a few relaxing minutes in the warmth of the sun. Ahhhhhh.